Introduction | Varieties | Soil Requirement | Seed Sowing
Nutrient management | Water management | Weed management | Insect pests and Diseases management
harvesting and post harvest management | Miscellaneous |
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Flowering
Flower initiation starts in June and by middle of July, the female inflorescence, commonly called burr, is formed. After pollination stigmas die and quick development of burr and elongation and thickening of axis takes place. The bracts and bractioles quickly enlarge giving inflorescence a characteristics cone shape. The plant is then said to be in a hop. The luplin (small multicellular glandular pairs) present in burr quickly develops and accelerates their resin secretions and essential oils, the quality constituents of cones. Lupulin can be lost by rough handling while picking and drying.
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Stage of harvesting cones
The cones mature from end of August to end of September. At this stage, following changes take place in the cones :
- The colour of bractioles and to some extent colour of bracts becomes yellow.
- The lupulin glands are completely filled with resin.
- The aroma of hops is fully developed.
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Yield
On an average, 3-year old plants yield 12-15 quintals green cones or 3-4 quintals dry cones.
Drying of hops
The cones after harvesting are dried in kilns at a temperature of 32 o C. Drying is complete at a temperature of 60-65 o C. After drying, the cones are packed in cloth bags for transportation. |
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Package of Practice
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Introduction | Varieties | Soil Requirement | Seed Sowing
Nutrient management | Water management | Weed management | Insect pests and Diseases management
harvesting and post harvest management | Miscellaneous |